Offa Mercia

Offa a oa roue Mercia eus 757 betek e varv e 796. Mab e oa da Thingfrith ha diskennad da Eowa, breur Penda Mercia. Anvet e voe da roue goude muntr Æthelbald hag ur brezel diabarzh, ma faezhas Beornred. E derou e ren eo gwirheñvel e oa ret dezhañ startaat e c'halloud war pobloù ar Midlands evel ar Hwicce pe ar Magonsæte. Goude 762 e c'hounezas kontrol Rouantelezh Kent a oa bet gwanaaet gant trubuilhoù diabarzh hag e 771 e kouezhas Rouantelezh Sussex dindan e veli, daoust ma chomas diasur e aoutroniezh en div vro-se. E 780 e astennas beli Mercia war an darn vrasañ eus su bro-Saoz. Kevreañ a reas gant Beorhtric Wessex a zimezas e verc'h Eadburh. E penn East-Anglia ez eas ha lakaat a reas he roue Æthelberht II East-Anglia da vezañ dibennet, marteze peogwir e oa en em savet outañ.

Ur roue kristen e oa Offa, met dizemglev a oa etre an Iliz hag eñ, ha dreist-holl gant Jaenberht, arc'heskob Canterbury. Kendrec'hiñ a reas ar pab Adrian Iañ da sevel un arc'heskopti nevez e Lichfield

Pennad kar

Kleuz Offa

Levrlennadur

Andonioù kozh

(en) Medieval Sourcebook: The Annales Cambriae (Annals of Wales). Kavet : 1314/03/2025.
(la) (en) Bede. Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum. Penguin Books, 1991 (ISBN 0-14-044565-X)
(en) Keynes, Simon & Lapidge, Michael. Alfred the Great: Asser's Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources. Penguin Classics, 2004 (ISBN 0-140-44409-2 )
(en) Swanton, Michael. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Routledge, 1996 (ISBN 0-415-92129-5)
(en) Whitelock, Dorothy. English Historical Documents v. 1 c. 500–1042. Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1968.

Andonioù an eil renk

(en) Abels, Richard. Trinoda Necessitas. In : Lapidge, 1999.
(en) Blackburn, Mark & Grierson, Philip. Medieval European Coinage. Cambridge University Press, 2006 (ISBN 0-521-03177-X)
(en) Blair, John. The Church in Anglo-Saxon Society. Oxford University Press, 2006 (ISBN 0199211175)
(en) Brown, Michelle P. & Farr, Carole A.. Mercia: An Anglo-Saxon kingdom in Europe. Continuum, 2001 (ISBN 0-8264-7765-8)
(en) Campbell, James. The Anglo-Saxon State. Hambledon and London, 2000 (ISBN 0-85285-176-7)
(en) Campbell, John &al.. The Anglo-Saxons. Penguin Books, 1991 (ISBN 0-14-014395-5)
(en) Featherstone, Peter. The Tribal Hidage and the Ealdormen of Mercia. In : Brown & Farr, op. cit.
(en) Fletcher, Richard. Who's Who in Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxon England. Shepheard-Walwyn, 1989 (ISBN 0-85683-089-5)
(en) Gannon, Anna. The Iconography of Early Anglo-Saxon Coinage: Sixth to Eighth Centuries. Oxford University Press, 2003 (ISBN 0199254656)
(en) Hunter, Blair Peter. An Introduction to Anglo-Saxon England. Cambridge University Press, 1977 (ISBN 0-521-29219-0)
(en) Hunter, Blair Peter. Roman Britain and Early England: 55 B.C. – A.D. 871. W.W. Norton & Company, 1966 (ISBN 0-393-00361-2)
(en) Keynes, Simon. Cynethryth. In : The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England.
(en) Keynes, Simon. Mercia. In : The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England.
(en) Keynes, Simon. Offa. In : The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England.
(en) Keynes, Simon. Mercia and Wessex in the Ninth Century. In : Brown & Farr, op. cit.
(en) Keynes Simon & Lapidge, Michael. Alfred the Great: Asser's Life of King Alfred and other contemporary sources. Penguin Classics, 2004 (ISBN 0-140-44409-2)
(en) Kirby D.P.. The Earliest English Kings. Routledge, 1992 (ISBN 0-415-09086-5)
(en) Lapidge, Michael. The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England. Blackwell Publishing, 1999 (ISBN 0-631-22492-0)
(en) Lapidge, Michael. Alcuin of York. In : The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England.
(en) Nelson, Janet. Carolingian Contacts. In : Brown & Farr, op. cit.
(en) Stafford, Pauline. Political Women in Mercia, Eighth to Early Tenth Centuries. In : Brown & Farr, op. cit.
(en) Stenton, Frank M.. Anglo-Saxon England . Clarendon Press, 1971 (ISBN 0-19-821716-1)
(en) Williams, Gareth. Mercian Coinage and Authority. In : Brown & Farr, op. cit.
(en) Williams, Gareth. Military Institutions and Royal Power. In : Brown & Farr, op. cit.
(en) Wormald, Patrick. The Age of Offa and Alcuin. In : Campbell, 1991.
(en) Wormald, Patrick & al.. Ideal and Reality in Frankish and Anglo-Saxon Society. Blackwell, 1983 (ISBN 0-631-12661-9)
(en) Worthington, Margaret. Offa's Dyke In : The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England.
(en) Worthington, Margaret. Wat's Dyke. In : The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England.
(en) Yorke, Barbara. Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England. Seaby, 1990 (ISBN 1-85264-027-8)

Rouaned Mercia

Icel Mercia • Cnebba • Cynewald • Creoda • Pybba • Ceorl • Penda • Eowa • Peada • Oswiu Northumbria • Wulfhere • Æthelred I • Cenred • Ceolred • Ceolwald • Æthelbald • Beornred • Offa* • Ecgfrith • Coenwulf* • Cynehelm • Ceolwulf I* • Beornwulf** • Ludeca • Wiglaf • Egbert Wessex • Wiglaf (again) • Beorhtwulf • Burgred • Ceolwulf II • Æthelred II*** • Æthelflæd*** • Ælfwynn***
* Roue Kent ha Roue East Anglia ivez
** Roue East Anglia ivez
*** ealdormen e amzeriad Alfred Veur hag Edward Kozh