Kleopatra VII : diforc'h etre ar stummoù

Kemmañ al liammoù
Eus Wikipedia
Merdeiñ etreoberiat en istor
← Kemm kentKemm nevesoc'h →
Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
GweletWikitestenn
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Linenn 3: Linenn 3:
'''Kleopatra VII''' ''Thea Philopator '', ''Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ'' en [[henc'hresianeg]] (69 kent JK<ref>Walker, p. 129.</ref> – 12 a viz Eost 30 kent JK), anvet peurliesañ '''Kleopatra''' hepken, a oa [[faraon]]ez diwezhañ [[Henegipt]].
'''Kleopatra VII''' ''Thea Philopator '', ''Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ'' en [[henc'hresianeg]] (69 kent JK<ref>Walker, p. 129.</ref> – 12 a viz Eost 30 kent JK), anvet peurliesañ '''Kleopatra''' hepken, a oa [[faraon]]ez diwezhañ [[Henegipt]].


Diwezhañ r bet o kenren gant he zad [[Ptolemaios XII]], he breur [[Ptolemaios XIII]], he breur-gwaz [[Ptolemaios XIV]], hag he mab [[Ptolemaios XV]].

⚫
<!--
Diwezhañ ezel eus [[tierniezh ar Btolemed]] e oa, ur familh a orin gresian-ha-makedonian<ref>''Western civilisation:ideas,Politics, and society'', Marvin Perry, Margaret C Jacob, Myrna Chase, James R Jacob p 132 : ”Cleopatra (69- 30 BC), the Greek queen of Egypt, belonged to the Ptolemaic family, the Macedonian Greeks who ruled Egypt during the Hellenistic Age”.</ref><ref>''The Civilization of Rome'', Donald R. Dudley, p 57: ”In Egypt the Greek dynasty of the Ptolemies was the successor to the native Pharaohs, exploiting through a highly organized bureaucracy the great natural resources of the Nile Valley”</ref><ref>''The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt''. “,Cleopatra VII was born to Ptolemy XII Auletes (80–57 BCE, ruled 55–51 BCE) and Cleopatra, both parents being Macedonian Greeks."</ref><ref>''Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt'' by Kathryn Bard, page 488 “ Ptolemaic kings were still crowned at Memphis and the city was popularly regarded as the Egyptian rival to Alexandria, founded by the Macedonian Greeks”; Page 687: "During the Ptolemaic period, when Egypt was governed by rulers of Greek descent…”</ref><ref>''Cleopatra: A Sourcebook' (Oklahoma Series in Classical Culture), Prudence J. Jones, p 14“They were members of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Macedonian Greeks, who ruled Egypt after the death of its conqueror, Alexander the Great.”</ref><ref>''Women in Hellenistic Egypt'' by Sarah B. Pomeroy, page 16 “while Ptolemaic Egypt was a monarchy with a Greek ruling class."</ref> a renas [[Henegipt]] goude marv [[Aleksandr Veur]] e-pad ar prantad hellenistek.
Diwezhañ ezel eus [[tierniezh ar Btolemed]] e oa, ur familh a orin gresian-ha-makedonian<ref>''Western civilisation:ideas,Politics, and society'', Marvin Perry, Margaret C Jacob, Myrna Chase, James R Jacob p 132 : ”Cleopatra (69- 30 BC), the Greek queen of Egypt, belonged to the Ptolemaic family, the Macedonian Greeks who ruled Egypt during the Hellenistic Age”.</ref><ref>''The Civilization of Rome'', Donald R. Dudley, p 57: ”In Egypt the Greek dynasty of the Ptolemies was the successor to the native Pharaohs, exploiting through a highly organized bureaucracy the great natural resources of the Nile Valley”</ref><ref>''The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt''. “,Cleopatra VII was born to Ptolemy XII Auletes (80–57 BCE, ruled 55–51 BCE) and Cleopatra, both parents being Macedonian Greeks."</ref><ref>''Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt'' by Kathryn Bard, page 488 “ Ptolemaic kings were still crowned at Memphis and the city was popularly regarded as the Egyptian rival to Alexandria, founded by the Macedonian Greeks”; Page 687: "During the Ptolemaic period, when Egypt was governed by rulers of Greek descent…”</ref><ref>''Cleopatra: A Sourcebook' (Oklahoma Series in Classical Culture), Prudence J. Jones, p 14“They were members of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Macedonian Greeks, who ruled Egypt after the death of its conqueror, Alexander the Great.”</ref><ref>''Women in Hellenistic Egypt'' by Sarah B. Pomeroy, page 16 “while Ptolemaic Egypt was a monarchy with a Greek ruling class."</ref> a renas [[Henegipt]] goude marv [[Aleksandr Veur]] e-pad ar prantad hellenistek.


Linenn 13: Linenn 10:
Goude drouklazh [[Julius Caesar]] e 44 kent JK, e enebas gant [[Marcus Antonius]] ouzh hêr Caesar diouzh al lezenn, [[Augustus|Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus]] (anvet diwezhatoc'h [[Augustus]]). Bet he doe gevelled gant [[Marcus Antonius]], [[Kleopatra Selene II]] hag [[Aleksandr Helios]], hag ur mab all, [[Ptolemaios Filadelfos (Kleopatra)|Ptolemaios Filadelfos]]. Goude bezañ bet trec'het en [[emgann Actium]] gant armeoù Octavianus, Marcus Antonius en em lazhas. Kleopatra en em bersekutas ivez war e lerc'h, flemmet gant un [[naer]] hervez an hengoun, d'an 12 a viz Eost 30 kent JK.<ref>"[http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/biography/cleopatra.html Who Was Cleopatra?]", p 2, ''Smithsonian Magazine''</ref> He mab Caesarion, a oa anvet faraon war lerc'h he marv gant e harperien, met drouklazhet e oa war urzh Octavianus. He rouantelezh a zeuas da vezañ proviñs roman Egipt.
Goude drouklazh [[Julius Caesar]] e 44 kent JK, e enebas gant [[Marcus Antonius]] ouzh hêr Caesar diouzh al lezenn, [[Augustus|Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus]] (anvet diwezhatoc'h [[Augustus]]). Bet he doe gevelled gant [[Marcus Antonius]], [[Kleopatra Selene II]] hag [[Aleksandr Helios]], hag ur mab all, [[Ptolemaios Filadelfos (Kleopatra)|Ptolemaios Filadelfos]]. Goude bezañ bet trec'het en [[emgann Actium]] gant armeoù Octavianus, Marcus Antonius en em lazhas. Kleopatra en em bersekutas ivez war e lerc'h, flemmet gant un [[naer]] hervez an hengoun, d'an 12 a viz Eost 30 kent JK.<ref>"[http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/biography/cleopatra.html Who Was Cleopatra?]", p 2, ''Smithsonian Magazine''</ref> He mab Caesarion, a oa anvet faraon war lerc'h he marv gant e harperien, met drouklazhet e oa war urzh Octavianus. He rouantelezh a zeuas da vezañ proviñs roman Egipt.


⚫
<!--
Betek hiziv an deiz eo chomet brudet Kleopatra e sevenadur ar C'hornôg. Bevañ a ra c'hoazh he c'houn en oberennoù arz niverus. Gallout a reer menegiñ trajedienn [[William Shakespeare]] ''[[Anton ha Kleopatra]]'', opera [[Jules Massenet]], ''[[Cléopâtre]]','ha film 1963 ''[[Cleopatra (1963 film)|Cleopatra]]''. E kalz deskrivadurioù e tiskouezer Kleopatra evel un dekenn, hag he darempredoù gant ar wazed c'halloudusañ eus ar bed en he amzer zo kemeret evel prouennoù eus he c'hened. En e ''[[Pensées]]'' e ambann [[Blaise Pascal]] e oa kemmet istor ar bed gant he c'hened : "Fri Kleopatra, ma vije bet berroc'h, dremm ar bed a-bezh a vije bet cheñchet."<ref>''[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/miscellanea/cleopatra/bust.html|title The Beauty of Cleopatra]'', University of Chicago</ref>
Betek hiziv an deiz eo chomet brudet Kleopatra e sevenadur ar C'hornôg. Bevañ a ra c'hoazh he c'houn en oberennoù arz niverus. Gallout a reer menegiñ trajedienn [[William Shakespeare]] ''[[Anton ha Kleopatra]]'', opera [[Jules Massenet]], ''[[Cléopâtre]]','ha film 1963 ''[[Cleopatra (1963 film)|Cleopatra]]''. E kalz deskrivadurioù e tiskouezer Kleopatra evel un dekenn, hag he darempredoù gant ar wazed c'halloudusañ eus ar bed en he amzer zo kemeret evel prouennoù eus he c'hened. En e ''[[Pensées]]'' e ambann [[Blaise Pascal]] e oa kemmet istor ar bed gant he c'hened : "Fri Kleopatra, ma vije bet berroc'h, dremm ar bed a-bezh a vije bet cheñchet."<ref>''[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/miscellanea/cleopatra/bust.html|title The Beauty of Cleopatra]'', University of Chicago</ref>


Linenn 276: Linenn 274:
*[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/oddnotes/cleoinencaustic/cleopatraencaustic.html John Sartain: On the Antique Portrait of Cleopatra] (1818)
*[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/oddnotes/cleoinencaustic/cleopatraencaustic.html John Sartain: On the Antique Portrait of Cleopatra] (1818)
-->
-->
==Nµotennoù==
<references/>


{{Tierniezhb
{{Tierniezhb

Stumm eus an 8 Gou 2011 da 21:42

Pezh moneiz en anv Kleopatra VII, gant he foltred.
Delwennig da Gleopatra VII, Berlin.

Kleopatra VII Thea Philopator , Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ en henc'hresianeg (69 kent JK[1] – 12 a viz Eost 30 kent JK), anvet peurliesañ Kleopatra hepken, a oa faraonez diwezhañ Henegipt.

Diwezhañ ezel eus tierniezh ar Btolemed e oa, ur familh a orin gresian-ha-makedonian[2][3][4][5][6][7] a renas Henegipt goude marv Aleksandr Veur e-pad ar prantad hellenistek.

Kleopatra a renas da gentañ war un dro gant he zad Ptolemaios XII Auletes ha diwezhatoc'h gant he breudeur, Ptolemaios XIII ha Ptolemaios XIV, a euredas ganti diouzh giz Henegiptiz, met dont a reas en diwezh da vezañ ar riegez nemeti. n'he doa bugel ebet eus ar priedoù-se. As pharaoh, she consummated a liaison with Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne. Diwezhatoc'h e lakaas ar mab he doa bet gant Julius Caesar, Caesarion, da genren ganti.

Goude drouklazh Julius Caesar e 44 kent JK, e enebas gant Marcus Antonius ouzh hêr Caesar diouzh al lezenn, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (anvet diwezhatoc'h Augustus). Bet he doe gevelled gant Marcus Antonius, Kleopatra Selene II hag Aleksandr Helios, hag ur mab all, Ptolemaios Filadelfos. Goude bezañ bet trec'het en emgann Actium gant armeoù Octavianus, Marcus Antonius en em lazhas. Kleopatra en em bersekutas ivez war e lerc'h, flemmet gant un naer hervez an hengoun, d'an 12 a viz Eost 30 kent JK.[8] He mab Caesarion, a oa anvet faraon war lerc'h he marv gant e harperien, met drouklazhet e oa war urzh Octavianus. He rouantelezh a zeuas da vezañ proviñs roman Egipt.

Nµotennoù

  1. ↑ Walker, p. 129.
  2. ↑ Western civilisation:ideas,Politics, and society, Marvin Perry, Margaret C Jacob, Myrna Chase, James R Jacob p 132 : ”Cleopatra (69- 30 BC), the Greek queen of Egypt, belonged to the Ptolemaic family, the Macedonian Greeks who ruled Egypt during the Hellenistic Age”.
  3. ↑ The Civilization of Rome, Donald R. Dudley, p 57: ”In Egypt the Greek dynasty of the Ptolemies was the successor to the native Pharaohs, exploiting through a highly organized bureaucracy the great natural resources of the Nile Valley”
  4. ↑ The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. “,Cleopatra VII was born to Ptolemy XII Auletes (80–57 BCE, ruled 55–51 BCE) and Cleopatra, both parents being Macedonian Greeks."
  5. ↑ Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt by Kathryn Bard, page 488 “ Ptolemaic kings were still crowned at Memphis and the city was popularly regarded as the Egyptian rival to Alexandria, founded by the Macedonian Greeks”; Page 687: "During the Ptolemaic period, when Egypt was governed by rulers of Greek descent…”
  6. ↑ Cleopatra: A Sourcebook' (Oklahoma Series in Classical Culture), Prudence J. Jones, p 14“They were members of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Macedonian Greeks, who ruled Egypt after the death of its conqueror, Alexander the Great.”
  7. ↑ Women in Hellenistic Egypt by Sarah B. Pomeroy, page 16 “while Ptolemaic Egypt was a monarchy with a Greek ruling class."
  8. ↑ "Who Was Cleopatra?", p 2, Smithsonian Magazine
En he raok
Ptolemaios XIII 		Kleopatra VII
Tierniezh Ptolemaek
adalek -51 betek -30 		War he lerc'h
Impalaeriezh roman
Adtapet diwar « https://br.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kleopatra_VII&oldid=1003635 »