Ferenc II Rákóczi : diforc'h etre ar stummoù
Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
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==Bugaleaj== |
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==Childhood== |
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He was the richest landlord in the [[Kingdom of Hungary]] and was the count (''comes perpetuus'') of the ''Comitatus Sarossiensis'' (in Hungarian ''[[Sáros County|Sáros]]'') from 1694 on. He was the third of three children born to [[Francis I Rákóczi]], elected ruling prince of [[Transylvania]], and [[Jelena Zrinska]] (''Zrínyi Ilona'' in Hungarian), who was the daughter of [[Petar Zrinski]] (''Zrínyi Péter'' in Hungarian), [[Ban of Croatia]], and niece of the poet [[Nikola VII Zrinski|Nikola Zrinski]] (''Zrínyi Miklós'' in Hungarian). His [[George II Rákóczi|grandfather]] and [[George I Rákóczi|great-grandfather]], both called George, were Princes of [[Transylvania]]. He had a brother, George, who died as a baby before Francis was born, and a sister, [[Julianna Rákóczi|Julianna]], who was four years older than Francis. His father died when Francis II was four months old. |
He was the richest landlord in the [[Kingdom of Hungary]] and was the count (''comes perpetuus'') of the ''Comitatus Sarossiensis'' (in Hungarian ''[[Sáros County|Sáros]]'') from 1694 on. He was the third of three children born to [[Francis I Rákóczi]], elected ruling prince of [[Transylvania]], and [[Jelena Zrinska]] (''Zrínyi Ilona'' in Hungarian), who was the daughter of [[Petar Zrinski]] (''Zrínyi Péter'' in Hungarian), [[Ban of Croatia]], and niece of the poet [[Nikola VII Zrinski|Nikola Zrinski]] (''Zrínyi Miklós'' in Hungarian). His [[George II Rákóczi|grandfather]] and [[George I Rákóczi|great-grandfather]], both called George, were Princes of [[Transylvania]]. He had a brother, George, who died as a baby before Francis was born, and a sister, [[Julianna Rákóczi|Julianna]], who was four years older than Francis. His father died when Francis II was four months old. |
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Rákóczi then befriended [[Miklós Bercsényi|Count Miklós Bercsényi]], whose property at [[Ungvár]] (today ''Ужгород (Uzhhorod)'', in [[Ukraine]]), lay next to his own. Bercsényi was a highly educated man, the third richest man in the kingdom (after Rákóczi and [[Simon Forgách]]), and was related to most of the Hungarian aristocracy. |
Rákóczi then befriended [[Miklós Bercsényi|Count Miklós Bercsényi]], whose property at [[Ungvár]] (today ''Ужгород (Uzhhorod)'', in [[Ukraine]]), lay next to his own. Bercsényi was a highly educated man, the third richest man in the kingdom (after Rákóczi and [[Simon Forgách]]), and was related to most of the Hungarian aristocracy. |
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== The Rákóczi Uprising == |
== The Rákóczi Uprising == |
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{{Main|Rákóczi's War for Independence}} |
{{Main|Rákóczi's War for Independence}} |
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On Rákóczi’s recommendation, and with Bercsényi’s support, another meeting of the Diet held at Ónod ([[Borsod]] county) declared the deposition of the [[Habsburg|House of Habsburg]] from the Hungarian throne on 13 June 1707. But neither this act, nor the copper currency issued to avoid monetary inflation, were successful. [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] refused to enter into treaties with Prince Rákóczi, leaving the Hungarians without allies. There remained the possibility of an alliance with [[Imperial Russia]], but this did not materialize either. |
On Rákóczi’s recommendation, and with Bercsényi’s support, another meeting of the Diet held at Ónod ([[Borsod]] county) declared the deposition of the [[Habsburg|House of Habsburg]] from the Hungarian throne on 13 June 1707. But neither this act, nor the copper currency issued to avoid monetary inflation, were successful. [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] refused to enter into treaties with Prince Rákóczi, leaving the Hungarians without allies. There remained the possibility of an alliance with [[Imperial Russia]], but this did not materialize either. |
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En [[Emgann Trenčín]] ( ''Trencsén'' e hungareg, ''Trentschin'' en alamaneg, ''Trentsinium'' e latin, [[Trenčín county|Comitatus Trentsiniensis]], e [[Slovakia]] hiriv), on 3 August 1708 Rákóczi’s horse stumbled, and he fell to the ground, which knocked him unconscious. The [[Kurucs|Kuruc]] forces thought him dead and fled. This defeat was fatal for the uprising. Numerous Kuruc leaders transferred their allegiance to the Emperor, hoping for clemency. Rákóczi’s forces became restricted to the area around Munkács and [[Szabolcs (county)|Szabolcs county]]. Not trusting the word of János Pálffy, who was the Emperor’s envoy charged with negotiations with the rebels, the Prince left the Kingdom of Hungary for [[Poland]] on 21 February 1711. |
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==The Peace Agreement== |
==The Peace Agreement== |
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Stumm eus an 17 Gen 2012 da 15:06
Ferenc II Rákóczi, en hungareg II Rákóczi Ferenc (distagetPatrom:IPAc-hu), ganet e 1676 en Borsi, marvet e 1735 en Tekirdağ, en Impalaeriezh Otoman, a oa ur priñs eus Hungaria ha penn an emsavadeg hungarat a-enep an Habsburrged er bloavezhioù 1703-11evel priñs (fejedelem) ar Stadoù Kengevreet evit Frankiz Rouantelezh Hungaria. Un haroz broadel eo hiziv en Hungaria.
Titl
Sed e didl en e hed: Franciscus II. Dei Gratia Sacri Romani Imperii & Transylvaniae princeps Rakoczi. Particum Regni Hungariae Dominus & Siculorum Comes, Regni Hungariae Pro Libertate Confoederatorum Statuum necnon Munkacsiensis & Makoviczensis Dux, Perpetuus Comes de Saros; Dominus in Patak, Tokaj, Regécz, Ecsed, Somlyó, Lednicze, Szerencs, Onod.
E anv tiegezh eo Rákóczy, hag e hungareg eo II. Rákóczi Ferenc; in Slovak: František II. Rákoci, in German: Franz II. Rákóczi, in Croatian: Franjo II. Rakoczy.
